| This list is the result of background research on policy initiatives in the area of artificial intelligence, conducted by the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). It is not an exhaustive list, but a work in progress. Last updated on 15 October 2019. |
If clicking on the link does not work, please copy and paste the link in you browser. Last check of links: 05.11.2019 |
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| Reference | Origin | Year | Link |
| Ireland, Data Sharing and Governance Bill 2019, (2019) |
IE | 2019 | https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/bills/bill/2018/55/ |
| Luxembourg, Artificial Intelligence: a strategic vision for Luxembourg, (2019) |
LU | 2019 | https://digital-luxembourg.public.lu/sites/default/files/2019-05/AI_EN_1.pdf |
| Italy, Competition and Market Authority, Big Data – Joint Knowledge Investigation (AGCM), (2019) |
IT | 2019 | https://www.agcm.it/dotcmsdoc/allegati-news/Big_Data_Lineeguida_Raccomandazioni_di_policy.pdf |
| OECD, AI Policy Observatory, (2019), A platform for AI information, evidence, and policy options |
Int.Org. | 2019 | http://www.oecd.org/going-digital/ai/about-the-oecd-ai-policy-observatory.pdf |
| OECD, (2019), Digital Economy Policy | Int.Org. | 2019 | https://www.oecd.org/going-digital/ai/oecd-creates-expert-group-to-foster-trust-in-artificial-intelligence.htm |
| OECD, (2019), Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence, OECD/LEGAL/0449; 22 May 2019 |
Int.Org. | 2019 | https://legalinstruments.oecd.org/en/instruments/OECD-LEGAL-0449 |
| Council of Europe, (2019), Commissioner for Human Rights, Recommendation, Unboxing Artificial Intelligence: 10 steps to protect Human Rights |
CoE | 2019 | https://rm.coe.int/unboxing-artificial-intelligence-10-steps-to-protect-human-rights-reco/1680946e64 |
| European Parliament Research Service, (2019), A governance framework for algorithmic accountability and transparency |
EU | 2019 | http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2019/624262/EPRS_STU(2019)624262_EN.pdf |
| Council of Europe, (2019), Ad hoc Committee on Artificial Intelligence (CAHAI) |
CoE | 2019 | https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectId=09000016809737a1 |
| Austria, Austrian Council of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence, (2018), ‘Die Zukunft Österreichs mit Robotik und Künstlicher Intelligenz positiv gestalten’ |
AT | 2018 | https://www.acrai.at/images/download/ACRAI_whitebook_online_2018.pdf |
| Austria, Bundeskanzleramt, (2018), Together. For our Austria. Government Programm 2017-2022 |
AT | 2018 | https://www.bundeskanzleramt.gv.at/dam/jcr:6caaf637-7b21-4b1e-927d-731d8e7ed549/Regierungsprogramm_2017%E2%80%932022.pdf |
| Austria, Report on Research and Technology 2018 |
AT | 2018 | https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXVI/III/III_00152/imfname_696297.pdf |
| Austria, Ministry for Transport, (2018), Innovation and Technology , Traffic Telematics Report 2018 |
AT | 2018 | www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/BR/III-BR/III-BR_00656/imfname_706480.pdf |
| Austria, Federal Minister for Transport, (2018), Innovation and Technology and Minister of Economic Affairs |
AT | 2018 | https://www.bundeskanzleramt.gv.at/dam/jcr:a7e971b7-5322-4233-a5ef-77f1c0df5e59/37_29_mrv.pdf |
| Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts, (2018), Artifical Intelligence, Towards a Fourth Industrial Revolution? (Artificiële intelligentie, Naar een vierde industriële revolutie?) |
BE | 2018 | http://www.kvab.be/sites/default/rest/blobs/1489/nw_artificieleintelligentie.pdf |
| Belgium, Flemish Department of Economy, Science and Innovation, (2018), Stakeholder meeting on Artificial Intelligence (Stakeholderoverleg Artificiële Intelligentie) |
BE | 2018 | https://www.ewi-vlaanderen.be/sites/default/files/bestanden/departement_ewi_-_executive_summary_benchmark_study_ai_-_20190914.pdf |
| Belgium, Résolution 54K3203, (2018) | BE | 2018 | http://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/54/3203/54K3203005.pdf |
| Belgium, Senate, Request by Belgian Senate for a report on ‘Impact, Opportunities, Possibilities and Risks of Digital Smart Society’, (2018) |
BE | 2018 | http://www.senators.be/www/webdriver?MItabObj=pdf&MIcolObj=pdf&MInamObj=pdfid&MItypeObj=application/pdf&MIvalObj=100663911 |
| Bulgaria, National Assembly (Народно събрание), (2018), Cybersecurity Act (Закон за киберсигурност) |
BG | 2018 | http://parliament.bg/bg/bills/ID/78098/ |
| Bulgaria, Ministry of Transport, Information Technology, and Communications, (2018), Digital Bulgaria 2025 National Programme, ‘Национална програма „Цифрова България 2025’ |
BG | 2018 | https://www.mtitc.government.bg/sites/default/files/uploads/it/cifrova-bulgariya_-15082018.pdf |
| Bulgaria, Council of Ministers, (2017), Concept Paper on the Digital Transformation of the Bulgarian Industry (Industry 4.0), ‘Концепция за цифрова трансформация на българската индустрия (Индустрия 4.0)’ |
BG | 2018 | https://mi.government.bg/bg/themes/koncepciya-za-cifrova-transformaciya-na-balgarskata-industriya-industriya-4-0-1862-468.html |
| Bulgaria, Ministry of Transport, Information Technology and Communications, (2018), Letter No 15-00-152/1.10.2018 to the Center for the Study of Democracy, ‘Писмо № 15-00-152/1.10.2018 г. до Центъра за изследване на демокрацията’ |
BG | 2018 | https://www.concession-sof.bg/upload/52/Sofia%20Airport%20Tender%20Documentation%20EN.pdf |
| Bulgaria, State e-Governance Agency, (2018), Access to Spatial Data Act |
BG | 2018 | https://www.mtitc.government.bg/bg/category/166 |
| Germany, Recommendations of the Data Ethics Commission for the Federal Government’s Strategy on Artificial Intelligence, (2018) |
DE | 2018 | https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/EN/2018/data-ethics-commission.html |
| Denmark, Ministry of Industry, Business and Financial Affairs, (2018), Strategy for Denmark’s Digital Growth |
DK | 2018 | https://eng.em.dk/media/10566/digital-growth-strategy-report_uk_web-2.pdf |
| Denmark, Minsitry of Finance, (2018), Political Agreement of on Digitalisation-ready legislation, ‘Politisk aftale om digitaliseringsklar lovgivning’ |
DK | 2018 | https://www.fm.dk/nyheder/pressemeddelelser/2018/01/digitaliseringsklar-1 |
| Denmark, Parliament, The Justice Committee, (2018), endelig besvarelse af spørgsmål nr. 926, 21 August 2018 |
DK | 2018 | https://www.ft.dk/samling/20171/almdel/reu/spm/926/svar/1505668/1928805/index.htm |
| Denmark, SIRI Commission (SIRI-Kommissionen), (2018), AI, Media and Democracy |
DK | 2018 | https://ida.dk/media/3441/ai-medier-og-demokrati-2019-siri-komissionen.pdf |
| Estonia, Republic of Estonia Government Office, Estonia will have an artificial intelligence strategy, (2018) |
EE | 2018 | https://riigikantselei.ee/en/news/estonia-will-have-artificial-intelligence-strategy |
| Estonia, Republic of Estonia Government Office, (2018), Self-driving vechicles: beginning of an era, ‘Isejuhtivate sõidukite ajastu algus’ |
EE | 2018 | https://riigikantselei.ee/sites/default/files/riigikantselei/strateegiaburoo/isejuhtivad_loppraport.pdf |
| Estonia, The National Audit Office, (2018), E-state charter or Everyone’s rights in e-state |
EE | 2018 | https://www.riigikontroll.ee/Riigikontrollipublikatsioonid/Muudpublikatsioonid/Eharta/tabid/305/language/en-US/Default.aspx |
| European Commission, Communication on Artificial Intelligence for Europe, (2018) |
EU | 2018 | https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/communication-artificial-intelligence-europe |
| Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence | FI | 2018 | https://fcai.fi |
| Finland, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment of Finland, (2018), Artificial Intelligence Work: Four perspectives on economics, employment, knowledge and ethics, ‘Tekoälyajan työ: neljä näkökulmaa talouteen, työllisyyteen, osaamiseen ja etiikkaan’ |
FI | 2018 | https://tem.fi/julkaisu?pubid=URN:ISBN:978-952-327-311-5 |
| Finland, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, (2017), Finland’s Age of Artificial Intelligence |
FI | 2018 | http://julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/160391/TEMrap_47_2017_verkkojulkaisu.pdf |
| Finland, Eduskunta Riksdagen, (2018), Government proposal to Parliament on the Secondary Use of Social and Health Information and Related Laws, ”Hallituksen esitys eduskunnalle laiksi sosiaali- ja terveystietojen toissijaisesta käytöstä sekä eräiksi siihen liittyviksi laeiksi’ |
FI | 2018 | https://www.eduskunta.fi/FI/vaski/KasittelytiedotValtiopaivaasia/Sivut/HE_159+2017.aspx |
| Finland, Eduskunta Riksdagen, (2018) Finnish One Hundred – A New Opportunity 2018-2037, ‘suomen sata uutta mahdollisuutta 2018–2037’ |
FI | 2018 | https://www.eduskunta.fi/FI/tietoaeduskunnasta/julkaisut/Documents/tuvj_1+2018.pdf |
| France,Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés (CNIL), (2018), Algorithms and artificial intelligence: CNIL’s report on the ethical issues |
FR | 2018 | https://www.cnil.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/cnil_rapport_ai_gb_web.pdf |
| France, Mission Villani sur l’intelligence artificielle, (2018), Giving Meaning to Artificial Intelligence, ‘Donner un sens a l’intelligence Artificielle’ |
FR | 2018 | https://www.aiforhumanity.fr/pdfs/9782111457089_Rapport_Villani_accessible.pdf |
| Greece, Ministry of Digital Policy, (2018), Telecommunications and Information, Press Release, The General Secretary of Digital Policy at the Thessaloniki 2018 Summit, ‘O Γενικός Γραμματέας Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής στο Thessaloniki Summit 2018′ |
EL | 2018 | https://mindigital.gr/old/index.php/41-ggpsp/media/3197-o-thessaloniki-summit-2018 |
| Greece, EETT, (2018), Public Consultation on Amendments to the Internet of Things Regulatory Framework |
EL | 2018 | https://www.eett.gr/opencms/opencms/admin/News_new/news_0891.html |
| Ireland, Regulatory Impact Analysis, Copyright and Other Intellectual Property Law Provisions Bill 2018, (2018) |
IE | 2018 | https://dbei.gov.ie/en/Legislation/Legislation-Files/Regulatory-Impact-Analysis-Copyright-Other-IP-Law-Provisions-Bill-2018.pdf |
| Health Research Board, Health Research Regulations 2018, (2018) |
IE | 2018 | https://www.hrb.ie/funding/gdpr-guidance-for-researchers/gdpr-and-health-research/health-research-regulations-2018/ |
| Ireland, Department of Justice and Equality, (2017), Review of the Law on the Retention of and Access to Communications Data |
IE | 2018 | http://www.justice.ie/en/JELR/Review_of_the_Law_on_Retention_of_and_Access_to_Communications_Data.pdf/Files/Review_of_the_Law_on_Retention_of_and_Access_to_Communications_Data.pdf |
| Italy, Agcom (2018), Big data, Interim report nell’ambito dell’indagine conoscitiva di cui alla delibera n. 217/17/CONS |
IT | 2018 | https://www.agcom.it/documents/10179/10875949/Allegato+4-9-2018/f9befcb1-4706-4daa-ad38-c0d767add5fd?version=1.0 |
| Italy, Agcom (2018), Indagine conoscitiva sui big data. Analisi della propensione degli utenti online a consentire l’uso dei propri dati a fronte dell’erogazione di servizi. Primi risultati |
IT | 2018 | www.key4biz.it/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/IC53.pdf. |
| Lithuania, The National Reform Programme for 2018, (2018) |
LT | 2018 | https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/2018-european-semester-national-reform-programme-lithuania-en.pdf |
| Luxembourg, Projet de loi n°7348 relative aux comptes inactifs, aux coffres-forts inactifs et aux contrats d’assurance en déshérence et modifiant: 1. la loi modifiée du 23 décembre 1998 portant création d’une commission de surveillance du secteur financier; et 2. la loi modifiée du 7 décembre 2015 sur le secteur des assurances. (5166PMR), (2018) |
LU | 2018 | https://www.cc.lu/uploads/tx_userccavis/5166PMR_comptes_et_coffres_forts_dormants.pdf |
| Latvia, Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development, MEPRD promotes Nordic-Baltic digital co-operation and signs a declaration on the development of Artificial Intelligence, (2018) |
LV | 2018 | http://www.varam.gov.lv/lat/aktual/preses_relizes/?doc=26004 |
| Latvia, Amendments to the Cabinet of Ministers Regulations No. 134, "Provisions for a Unified Health Information System", (2018) |
LV | 2018 | https://likumi.lv/ta/id/299183 |
| Malta, Innovative Technology Arrangements and Services Act, (2018) |
MT | 2018 | http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lp&itemid=29204&l=1 |
| Netherlands, University of Utrecht, Algoritmes en grondrechten, (2018) |
NL | 2018 | https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/binaries/rijksoverheid/documenten/rapporten/2018/03/01/algoritmes-en-grondrechten/Algoritmes+en+grondrechten+opgemaakte+versie.pdf |
| TNO, Discrimination at Recruitment and Selection |
NL | 2018 | http://publications.tno.nl/publication/34627249/puJbur/TNO-2018-R11086.pdf |
| Netherlands, Minister of Finance, (2018), Draft Bill for Banking Information Reference Portal Act | NL | 2018 | https://www.internetconsultatie.nl/verwijzingsportaalbankgegevens/document/3705 |
| Netherlands, Minister of Health, Welfare and Sport, (2018), Draft Act promoting cooperation and lawful care |
NL | 2018 | https://www.internetconsultatie.nl/rechtmatigezorg/document/3682 |
| Netherlands, Minister of Justice and Security, (2018), Draft bill on data processing by partnerships |
NL | 2018 | https://www.internetconsultatie.nl/wgs/document/3718 |
| Netherlands, Minister of Justice and Security, (2018), Act Computer Criminality III |
NL | 2018 | https://www.eerstekamer.nl/9370000/1/j9vvkfvj6b325az/vkryh09a3ux7/f=y.pdf |
| Netherlands, Minister of Justice and Security / Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, (2018), Weapons and ammunition Act in relation to the Directive (EU) 2017/853, Sent to the House of Representatives 3 July |
NL | 2018 | https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/binaries/rijksoverheid/documenten/rapporten/2018/07/03/tk-wijziging-van-de-wwm-ivm-richtlijn-na-advies-rvs/tk-wijziging-van-de-wwm-ivm-richtlijn-na-advies-rvs.pdf |
| Netherlands, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy, (2018), Dutch digitalisation strategy |
NL | 2018 | https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documents/reports/2018/06/01/dutch-digitalisation-strategy/Dutch+Digitalisation+strategy+def.pdf |
| Doove, S. & Otten, D., (2018), Exploratory study on the use of algoritms by government organisations |
NL | 2018 | https://www.cbs.nl/-/media/_pdf/2018/48/verkennend%20onderzoek%20naar%20het%20gebruik%20van%20algoritmen%20binnen%20overheidsorganisaties.pdf |
| Netherlands, Dutch federation of patients organisations (2018), New bill takes too little account of patient privacy |
NL | 2018 | https://www.patientenfederatie.nl/nieuws/nieuw-wetsvoorstel-houdt-te-weinig-rekening-met-privacy-patient |
| Poland, Coalition for Polish Innovation, KPI AI Lab, (2018) | PL | 2018 | https://koalicjadlainnowacji.pl/en/ |
| Poland, Ministry of Digital Affairs (Ministerstwo Cyfryzacji) (2018), Założenia do strategii AI w Polsce Plan działań Ministerstwa Cyfryzacji, 9 November 2018 |
PL | 2018 | https://www.gov.pl/web/cyfryzacja/sztuczna-inteligencja-polska-2118 |
| Sweden, Ministry of Finances, (2018), The law as a support for the digitalisation of public administration |
SE | 2018 | www.regeringen.se/rattsliga-dokument/statens-offentliga-utredningar/2018/03/sou-201825/ |
| Sweden, Sweden’s innovation agency (Vinnova), (2018), Artificial intelligence in Swedish business and society |
SE | 2018 | www.vinnova.se/publikationer/artificial-intelligence-in-swedish-business-and-society2/ |
| Slovakia, Deputy Prime Minister of the Slovak Republic for Investment and Informatics, (2018), Strategic Priority the Data Management |
SK | 2018 | http://www.informatizacia.sk/ext_dok-uppvii_sp_manazment_udajov_vfinal/24196c |
| Slovakia, Deputy Prime Ministerʼs Office for Investments and Informatisation of the Slovak Republic, (2017), Strategic Priority the Open Data |
SK | 2018 | http://www.informatizacia.sk/strategicke-priority-erf/24190c |
| UK, House of Lords, (2018), Selected Committee on Artificial Intelligence, AI in the UK: ready, willing and able? |
UK | 2018 | https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldai/100/100.pdf |
| UK Parliament, Science and Technology Committee, (2018), Algorithms in Decision Making |
UK | 2018 | https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmsctech/351/351.pdf |
| UK, UK Government Statistics Authority, (2018), Draft Research Code of Practice and Draft Accreditation Criteria |
UK | 2018 | https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/709514/2018-05-16_Research_Code_of_Practice_and_Accreditation_Criteria.pdf |
| UK Government, Statistics Authority, Draft Statistics Statement of Principles and Draft Code of Practice on changes to data systems, May 2018 |
UK | 2018 | https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/709515/2018-05-16_Statistics_Statement-of-Principles_and_CoP_Data_Systems.pdf |
| UK Government, Department for Digital, Culture Media & Sport, Cabinet Office, Draft Information Sharing Code of Practice, (2018) |
UK | 2018 | https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/709519/2018-05_PSD_Debt_and_Fraud_Draft_Information_Sharing_Code_of_Practice.pdf |
| UK Government, Artificial Intelligence Sector Deal, (2018) |
UK | 2018 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/artificial-intelligence-sector-deal |
| Scotland, Scottish Government, (2018), Use of Biometric Data and Technologies |
UK | 2018 | https://www.gov.scot/About/Review/biometric-data |
| European Commission, (2018), A multi-dimensional approach to disinformation |
EU | 2018 | http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=50271 |
| European Commission, European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies, (2018), Statement on artificial Intelligence Robotics, and ‘Autonomous’ Systems |
EU | 2018 | https://ec.europa.eu/research/ege/pdf/ege_ai_statement_2018.pdf |
| European Economic and Social Committee (EESC), (2018), Adopted Opinion Investing in a smart, innovative and sustainable industry |
EU | 2018 | https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/our-work/opinions-information-reports/opinions/investing-smart-innovative-and-sustainable-industry-referral |
| European Data Protection Supervisor, (2018), Opinion 3/2018 on online manipulation and personal data |
EU | 2018 | https://edps.europa.eu/sites/edp/files/publication/18-03-19_online_manipulation_en.pdf |
| ESMA (European Securities and Markets Authority), the EBA (European Banking Authority), the EIOPA (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority) and the Joint Committtee of the European Supervisory Authorities, Joint Committee Final Report on Big Data, (2018) |
EU | 2018 | https://eiopa.europa.eu/Publications/Other Documents/JC-2018-04 Joint Committee Final Report on Big Data.pdf |
| European Parliament, (2018), Draft Report on a comprehensive European industrial policy on artificial intelligence and robotics (2018/2088(INI)) Committee on Industry, Research and Energy |
EU | 2018 | http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+COMPARL+PE-630.525+01+DOC+PDF+V0//EN&language=EN |
| European Parliament, (2018), Legislative Observatory, Comprehensive European industrial policy on artificial intelligence and robotics |
EU | 2018 | https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/popups/ficheprocedure.do?lang=&reference=2018/2088(INI) |
| European Commission, (2018), Joint Research Centre, Artificial Intelligence A european perspecive, EUR29425EN |
EU | 2018 | https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/artificial-intelligence-european-perspective |
| Council of the European Union, (2018), Thematic Reviews on ‘Social Aspects of Digitalisation’ (SPC) and ‘Digitalisation and Robotisation of Work’ (EMCO) – Endorsement of the joint key messages, 14411/18 |
EU | 2018 | http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-14411-2018-INIT/en/pdf |
| Council of the European Union, (2018), Gender Equality, Youth and Digitalisation – Presidency Conclusions, 15308/18 |
EU | 2018 | https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/37363/gender-equality_text-adopted.pdf |
| European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS), (2018), EDPS calls for closer alignment between consumer and data protection rules in the EU |
EU | 2018 | https://edps.europa.eu/node/4907 |
| European Council, Council of the European Union, (2018), Better security for ID documents: Council agrees its position |
EU | 2018 | https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2018/11/14/better-security-for-id-documents-council-agrees-its-position/ |
| European Commission, Joint Research Centre, (2018), The impact of Artificial Intelligence on learning, teaching, and education |
EU | 2018 | https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5cb8eee3-e888-11e8-b690-01aa75ed71a1?WT.mc_id=NEWSLETTER_December2018 |
| The Public Voice, (2018), Universal Guidelines for Artificial Intelligence |
EU | 2018 | https://thepublicvoice.org/AI-universal-guidelines/ |
| Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data, Hong Kong, (2018), Annual Reports |
OTHER | 2018 | https://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/resources_centre/publications/annual_report/annualreport2018.html |
| The Norwegian Data Protection Authority, (2018), Artificial Intelligence and Privacy |
OTHER | 2018 | https://www.datatilsynet.no/globalassets/global/english/ai-and-privacy.pdf |
| Urban and Regional Innovation Research, (2018), NYC, Amsterdam and Barcelona launch Cities for Digital Rights |
OTHER | 2018 | https://www.urenio.org/2018/11/19/nyc-amsterdam-barcelona-coalition-digital-rights/ |
| M Brundage et al, (2018), The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1802/1802.07228.pdf |
| ICDPPC, (2018), Declaration on Ethics and Data Protection in Artificial Intelligence |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://icdppc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/20180922_ICDPPC-40th_AI-Declaration_ADOPTED.pdf |
| Council of Europe, The Committee of Experts on Internet Intermediaries (MSI-NET), (2018), Study on the Human Rights Dimensions of Auotmated Data Processing techniques (DGI2017-12) |
CoE | 2018 | https://rm.coe.int/algorithms-and-human-rights-en-rev/16807956b5 |
| Alessandro Mantelero, Preliminary report on “Artificial intelligence”, June 2018. |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://rm.coe.int/report-on-artificial-intelligence-artificial-intelligence-and-data-pro/16808b2e39 |
| OHCHR, (2018), Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/RegularSessions/Session37/Documents/A_HRC_37_62_EN.docx |
| G7, Charlevoix Common Vision for the Future of Artificial Intelligence, (2018) |
Int.Org. | 2018 | http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2018/06/09/the-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique/pdf |
| Council of Europe, Commissioner for Human Rights, (2018), Safeguarding human rights in the era of artificial intelligence |
CoE | 2018 | https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/safeguarding-human-rights-in-the-era-of-artificial-intelligence?inheritRedirect=true |
| Council of Europe, (2018), European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems and their environment |
CoE | 2018 | https://rm.coe.int/ethical-charter-en-for-publication-4-december-2018/16808f699c |
| Privacy International, (2018), Privacy and Freedom of Expression In the Age of Artificial Intelligence |
Int.Org. | 2018 | http://privacyinternational.org/sites/default/files/2018-04/Privacy%20and%20Freedom%20of%20Expression%20%20In%20the%20Age%20of%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf |
| World Economic Forum, (2018), How to prevent Discriminatory Outcomes in Machine Learning |
Int.Org. | 2018 | http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_40065_White_Paper_How_to_Prevent_Discriminatory_Outcomes_in_Machine_Learning.pdf |
| Amnesty International and Access Now, (2018), The Toronto Declaration: Protecting the rights to equality and non-discrimination in machine learning systems |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://www.accessnow.org/cms/assets/uploads/2018/08/The-Toronto-Declaration_ENG_08-2018.pdf |
| Amnesty International, (2018), World Economic Forum How to Prevent Discriminatory Outcomes in Machine Learning |
Int.Org. | 2018 | http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_40065_White_Paper_How_to_Prevent_Discriminatory_Outcomes_in_Machine_Learning.pdf |
| ACLU Massachusetts, (2018), Face Surveillance Moratorium Support Letter |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://action.aclu.org/webform/ma-face-surveillance-moratorium-letter |
| European Commission, (2018), Declaration on cooperation on AI, 10.04.2018 List of signatory countries of Declaration: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK, Norway, Romania, Greece, Cyprus. |
EU | 2018 | http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=50951 |
| Council of Europe, (2018), Declaration by the Committee of Ministers on the manipulative capabilities of algorithmic processes |
CoE | 2018 | https://search.coe.int/cm/pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectId=090000168092dd4b |
| United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy, Big Data-Open Data interim report |
Int.Org. | 2018 | https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Privacy/SR_Privacy/ConsultationBDODReportDec2017.pdf |
| European Commission, (2018), High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI |
EU | 2018 | https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/ai-alliance-consultation/guidelines#Top |
| European Commission, (2018), High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, Policy and investment recommendations for trustworthy Artificial Intelligence |
EU | 2018 | https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/policy-and-investment-recommendations-trustworthy-artificial-intelligence |
| Austria, Parlament, (2017), Sicherheitspolizeigesetz, Bundesstraßen-Mautgesetz 2002 u.a., Änderung |
AT | 2017 | https://parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXV/ME/ME_00326/index.shtml#tab-Uebersicht |
| Belgium, Commission de Protection de la Vie Privée, (2017) Rapport Big Data |
BE | 2017 | https://www.autoriteprotectiondonnees.be/sites/privacycommission/files/documents/Rapport_Big_Data_2017.pdf |
| Belgium, Privacy Commission, (2017), ‘Commission de la protection de la vie privée/Commissie voor de bescherming van de persoonelijke levensfeer’, Big Data Rapport |
BE | 2017 | https://www.privacycommission.be/sites/privacycommission/files/documents/Big Data voor MindMap 22-02-17 fr.pdf |
| Germany, German Bundestag (Deutscher Bundestag) (2017), Maßnahmenplan der Bundesregierung zum Bericht der Ethik-Kommission Automatisiertes und Vernetztes Fahren (Ethik-Regeln für Fahrcomputer) |
DE | 2017 | http://dipbt.bundestag.de/doc/btd/18/135/1813500.pdf |
| Germany, Federal Cartel Office (Bundeskartellamt) (2017), Big Data und Wettbewerb |
DE | 2017 | http://www.bundeskartellamt.de/SharedDocs/Publikation/DE/Schriftenreihe_Digitales/Schriftenreihe_Digitales_1.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3 |
| The German Ethics Council, Big Data und Gesundheit – Datensouveränität als informationelle Freiheitsgestaltung, (2017) |
DE | 2017 | http://www.ethikrat.org/dateien/pdf/stellungnahme-big-data-und-gesundheit.pdf |
| Denmark, Ministry of Justice, (2017), Draft bill on police use of database-based analysis tools and access to airline information |
DK | 2017 | https://hoeringsportalen.dk/Hearing/Details/60330 |
| Denmark, Ministry of Justice, (2017), Draft to Administrative Act on the police’s assessment of information in relation to transverse information analyses , ‘Udkast til bekendtgørelse om politiets behandling af oplysninger i forbindelse med tværgående informationsanalyser’ |
DK | 2017 | http://prodstoragehoeringspo.blob.core.windows.net/895de71e-8a6a-4ca2-a502-f740ede81b13/Udkast til bekendtg%C3%B8relse om politiets behandling af oplysninger i forbindelse med tv%C3%A6rg%C3%A5ende informationsanalyser – h%C3%B8ringsversion %5bDOK2372165%5d.pdf |
| Denmark, The Ministry of Justice, (2017), Data Protection Regulation – and the legal framework for Danish law, ‘Databeskyttelsesforordningen – og de retlige rammer for dansk lovgivning’ |
DK | 2017 | http://www.justitsministeriet.dk/sites/default/files/media/Pressemeddelelser/pdf/2017/betaenkning_nr._1565_del_i_bind_1.pdf |
| The Danish Institute for Human Rights, Police use of data-based analysis tools and access to information on air passengers, (2017), ‘Politiets anvendelse af databaserede analyseredskaber og adgang til oplysninger om flypassagerer’ |
DK | 2017 | https://menneskeret.dk/hoeringssvar/politiets-anvendelse-databaserede-analyseredskaber-adgang-oplysninger-flypassagerer |
| Danish Institute for Human Rights (2017), Consultation on draft executive order on police information processing in the context of cross-cutting information analysis |
DK | 2017 | https://menneskeret.dk/sites/menneskeret.dk/files/08_august_17/hoeringssvar_vedr_udkast_til_bekendtgoerelse_om_politiets_behandling_af_oplysninger_i_forbindelse_med_tvaergaaende_informationsanalyser.pdf |
| Danish Institute for Human Rights (2017), Consultation on the proposal for a law on additional provisions for the regulation on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free exchange of such information (Data Protection Act) |
DK | 2017 | https://menneskeret.dk/sites/menneskeret.dk/files/08_august_17/hoeringssvar_vedr_udkast_til_forslag_til_databeskyttelseslov.pdf |
| Estonia, Estonian Data Protection Inspectorate, (2017), Big data and Privacy Guide for Organizations, ‘ Suurandmed ja privaatsus: Juhendmaterjal organisatsioonidele’ |
EE | 2017 | http://www.aki.ee/sites/www.aki.ee/files/elfinder/article_files/suurandmed_ja_privaatsus.pdf |
| Estonia, Chancellor of Justice, Annual Report 2016/2017, (2017) |
EE | 2017 | http://www.oiguskantsler.ee/ylevaade2017/ |
| Spain, Spanish Agency for Data Protection (AEPD), (2017), ‘Statute book of good practices in data protection for Big Data (Código de buenas prácticas en protección de datos para proyectos de Big Data’ |
ES | 2017 | https://www.aepd.es/media/guias/guia-codigo-de-buenas-practicas-proyectos-de-big-data.pdf |
| YLE News, (2017), ‘PM Sipilä urges MPs to support fast-tracked intelligence law, says “the right to life is more important than the right to privacy”’ |
FI | 2017 | https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-9787917 |
| France, Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés (CNIL), (2017), The Oracle of the Net, ‘L’oracle du net’ |
FR | 2017 | www.cnil.fr/fr/loracle-du-net-une-experience-pour-savoir-comment-les-algorithmes-nous-calculent |
| France, Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés (CNIL), Algorithms used by the administration: towards more transparency, ‘Algorithmes utilisés par l’administration : vers plus de transparence’ |
FR | 2017 | https://www.cnil.fr/fr/comment-permettre-lhomme-de-garder-la-main-rapport-sur-les-enjeux-ethiques-des-algorithmes-et-de |
| France, Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés (CNIL), How can humans keep the upper hand? Report on the ethical matters raised by algorithms and artificial intelligence |
FR | 2017 | https://www.cnil.fr/en/how-can-humans-keep-upper-hand-report-ethical-matters-raised-algorithms-and-artificial-intelligence |
| France, Parliamentary Office for the Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Choices (OPECST), (2017), Report |
FR | 2017 | http://www.senat.fr/rap/r16-464-1/r16-464-11.pdf |
| France, Legifrance, Decree No. 2017-330 on the rights of individuals subject to individual decisions taken on the basis of algorithmic processing (2017) |
FR | 2017 | www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2017/3/14/PRMJ1632786D/jo/texte |
| European Commission, EC News, (2017), Croatia is also participating in EU plans to build a new generation of supercomputers, ‘I Hrvatska sudjeluje u planovima EU-a za izgradnju nove generacije superračunala’ |
EU | 2017 | ec.europa.eu/croatia/sites/croatia/files/docs/20171120_ec-news.pdf |
| Croatia, High Police School, (2017), International scientific and professional conference on "Big Data in Law Enforcement: from Reactive to Proactive“ |
HR | 2017 | https://www.mup.hr/bigdata2017hr |
| Hungary, National Privacy and Freedom of Information, (2017), Letter of the Head of the Hungarian Authority for Data Protection and Information Freedom |
HU | 2017 | http://naih.hu/files/NAIH-3825-2-2017-J-170802.pdf |
| Hungary, (2017), Draft Proposal on the amendment of certain laws related to interior matters and other areas in connection with interior affairs |
HU | 2017 | https://net.jogtar.hu/jr/gen/hjegy_doc.cgi?docid=A1700134.TV&txtreferer=00000003.TXT |
| Guarantor for the protection of personal data, Big Data: Agcom, Antitrust and Privacy Guarantor start a survey, (2019) |
IT | 2017 | http://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/6441412 |
| National Authority for Protection of Communications, Official press release concerning big data (2017) |
IT | 2017 | http://www.agcom.it/documents/10179/7834943/Comunicato+stampa+30-06-2017/9ac8d843-3941-4e4d-9cf3-35a0bad10440?version=1.0 |
| Netherlands, The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy, (2017), Big Data and Security Policies: Serving Security, Protecting Freedom |
NL | 2017 | https://english.wrr.nl/binaries/wrr-eng/documents/policy-briefs/2017/01/31/big-data-and-security-policies-serving-security-protecting-freedom/WRR_PB6_BigDataAndSecurityPolicies.pdf |
| Netherlands, Bulletin of Acts, Orders and Decrees of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, (2017), Decision of 13 June 2017, establishing from the date of entry into force of the Act of 5 October 2016 amending the Law use citizen service number in healthcare, the Act health care market organization and the Health Insurance Act (client rights at electronic processing of data) (Bulletin of Acts and Decrees 2016, 373) |
NL | 2017 | https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/stb-2017-279.pdf |
| Inspector General for the Protection of Personal Data, Information on processing and access to geolocation data, (2017) |
PL | 2017 | http://www.giodo.gov.pl/pl/1520297/10068 |
| Poland, Ministry of Finance, (2017), The draft of the new Law on counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism |
PL | 2017 | https://legislacja.rcl.gov.pl/projekt/12298001 |
| Poland, Ministry of Finance (Ministerstwo Finansów), The draft law on Central Account Base (Projekt ustawy o Centralnej Bazie Rachunków z 22 grudnia 2016 r.), 22 December 2016, available at: legislacja.rcl.gov.pl/projekt/12293403 |
PL | 2017 | http://legislacja.rcl.gov.pl/projekt/12293403 |
| Poland, Ministry of Finance (Ministerstwo Finansów), The draft law on The draft law amending certain acts to counter the use of the financial sector for tax fraud (Projekt ustawy o zmianie niektórych ustaw w celu przeciwdziałania wykorzystywaniu sektora finansowego do wyłudzeń skarbowych), Ref. no. 1880, available at: www.sejm.gov.pl/Sejm8.nsf/PrzebiegProc.xsp?id=634548E5640B6BB3C12581AF00514941 |
PL | 2017 | www.sejm.gov.pl/Sejm8.nsf/PrzebiegProc.xsp?id=634548E5640B6BB3C12581AF00514941 |
| Poland, Sejm, The draft law proposal on Central Registration and Information on Economic Activity – overview of the legislative works on the proposal, available at: http://www.sejm.gov.pl/sejm8.nsf/PrzebiegProc.xsp?nr=2053. |
PL | 2017 | www.sejm.gov.pl/sejm8.nsf/PrzebiegProc.xsp?nr=2053 |
| Portugal, Resolution of the Council of Ministers 188/2017, Approving the Regulation of the Data Centre of the Defence Strategic Intelligence Service and of the Data Centre of the Security Intelligence Service, (2017) |
PT | 2017 | https://dre.pt/web/guest/home/-/dre/114303789/details/maximized?serie=I&day=2017-12-05&date=2017-12-01. |
| Diário de Notícias, (2017), Experts warn of big data privacy risk, ‘Especialistas alertam para risco de falta de privacidade do ‘big data’’ |
PT | 2017 | https://www.dn.pt/lusa/interior/especialistas-alertam-para-risco-de-falta-de-privacidade-do-big-data-8568084.html |
| Sweden, Ministry of Justice, (2017), How to strengthen personal integrity |
SE | 2017 | http://www.regeringen.se/4ac6ee/contentassets/56e701d354824bcb9826ea0839ab28f3/sa-starker-vi-den-personliga-integriteten-sou-201752 |
| Sweden, Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation, (2017), Governmental strategy, For a sustainable digitized Sweden-a digitization strategy |
SE | 2017 | http://www.regeringen.se/49adea/contentassets/5429e024be6847fc907b786ab954228f/digitaliseringsstrategin_slutlig_170518-2.pdf |
| Weebly.com, Big Data: New Challenges for Law and Ethics, International scientific conference, (2017) |
SI | 2017 | https://big-data-ljubljana-2017.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/9/1/1191873/big-data-2017-print.pdf |
| Slovenia, The Ministry of Public Administration, (2017), Press release, Open Data of Slovenia |
SI | 2017 | http://nio.gov.si/nio/asset/portal+odprti+podatki+slovenije-744?lang=en |
| Slovakia, The Office of the Vice-President of the Government for Investment and Informatisation, (2017), Strategic Priority the Data Management |
SK | 2017 | http://www.informatizacia.sk/ext_dok-uppvii_sp_manazment_udajov_vfinal/24196c |
| UK, Information Commissioner’s Office, (2017), Guidance on political campaigning |
UK | 2017 | https://ico.org.uk/media/for-organisations/documents/1589/promotion_of_a_political_party.pdf |
| UK, Information Commissioner’s Office (2017), ‘ICO big data report wins Global Privacy and Data Protection Award’, 26 September 2017, available at: http://bit.ly/2wuLghF |
UK | 2017 | https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/news-and-events/news-and-blogs/2017/09/ico-big-data-report-wins-global-privacy-and-data-protection-award/ |
| UK, Information Commissioner’s Office, Information Commissioner’s Office Blog, (2017), Big data and the insurance sector |
UK | 2017 | https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/news-and-events/news-and-blogs/2017/03/blog-big-data-and-the-insurance-sector/ |
| UK, Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, (2017), New national innovation centre to put UK at forefront of big data |
UK | 2017 | https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-national-innovation-centre-to-put-uk-at-forefront-of-big-data |
| Dame Wendy Hall and Jérôme Pesenti, (2017), Growing the artificial intelligence industry in the UK |
UK | 2017 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/growing-the-artificial-intelligence-industry-in-the-uk |
| HM Government Industrial Strategy: Building a Britain fit for the future 2017 |
UK | 2017 | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/664563/industrial-strategy-white-paper-web-ready-version.pdf |
| European Parliament, (2017), Resolution on Fundamental rights implications of big data: privacy, data protection, non-discrimination, security and law-enforcement |
EU | 2017 | http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P8-TA-2017-0076+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN |
| European Parliament, (2017), Resolution with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics |
EU | 2017 | http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P8-TA-2017-0051+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN |
| European Economic and Social Committee (EESC), (2017), Adopted Opinion on Building a European Data Economy |
EU | 2017 | http://webapi.eesc.europa.eu/documentsanonymous/EESC-2017-00654-00-00-AC-TRA-en.docx |
| European Economic and Social Committee (EESC), (2017), Adopted Opinion on Artificial Intelligence |
EU | 2017 | https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/our-work/opinions-information-reports/opinions/artificial-intelligence |
| Council of the European Union, (2017), Conclusions of the European Council Meeting |
EU | 2017 | http://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/21620/19-euco-final-conclusions-en.pdf |
| European Commission, (2017), Article 29 Working Party, Guidelines on Automated individual decision-making and Profiling for the purposes of Regulation 2016/679 |
EU | 2017 | http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/document.cfm?doc_id=47742 |
| European Commission, (2017), Article 29 Working Party,Opinion on some key issues of the Law Enforcement Directive (EU 2016/680) |
EU | 2017 | http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/just/document.cfm?doc_id=48804 |
| UNESCO, International Bioethics Committee, (2017), Report on Big Data and Health |
Int.Org. | 2017 | http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002487/248724e.pdf |
| Council of Europe, Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)8 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on Big Data for culture, literacy and democracy, (2017) |
CoE | 2017 | https://rm.coe.int/0900001680750d68 |
| CoE, Committee of experts on Media Pluralism and Transparency of Media Ownership, (2017), Draft study on the use of internet in electoral campaigns |
CoE | 2017 | https://rm.coe.int/draft-study-on-the-use-of-internet-in-electoral-campaigns-fourth-revis/16807665e5 |
| CoE Parliamentary Assembly, Committee on Culture, Science, Education and Media, (2017), Recommendation 2102 (2017) “Technological convergence, artificial intelligence and human rights” |
CoE | 2017 | http://assembly.coe.int/nw/xml/XRef/Xref-XML2HTML-en.asp?fileid=23726&lang=en |
| CoE, Consultative Committee of the Convention 108 Guidelines on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data in a world of Big Data, (2017) |
CoE | 2017 | https://rm.coe.int/16806ebe7a |
| United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), (2017), Report on the Risks and Benefits of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics |
Int.Org. | 2017 | http://unicri.it/in_focus/files/Report_UNICRI_Cambridge_Workshop_Feb_2017.pdf |
| The Future Society, AI Initiative, (2017), Making the AI revolution work for everyone |
Int.Org. | 2017 | http://ai-initiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Making-the-AI-Revolution-work-for-everyone.-Report-to-OECD.-MARCH-2017.pdf |
| Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers, (2017), Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)8 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on Big Data for culture, literacy and democracy |
CoE | 2017 | https://rm.coe.int/1680750d68 |
| Austria, Data Market Austria, (2016) | AT | 2016 | https://datamarket.at/en/ |
| Finland, Data Protection Ombudsman, (2017), Statement on the draft Government proposal for the secure processing of social and health data of individuals |
FI | 2016 | http://www.innokyla.fi/documents/1598478/ac0098a7-c110-46dd-ba02-2055bdbebc30 |
| France, Legifrance, Law No. 2016-1321 for a Digital Republic (2016) |
FR | 2016 | www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2016/10/7/ECFI1524250L/jo |
| Luxembourg, Third Industrial Revolution Consulting Group, “The 3rd Insdustrial Revolution Strategy Study”, (2016) |
LU | 2016 | http://www.troisiemerevolutionindustrielle.lu/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/TIR-CG_Luxembourg-Final-Report_Long-Version.pdf |
| Slovakia, Deputy Prime Minister of the Slovak Republic for Investment and Informatics, (2016), National Conception of Informatisation of public sector of the Slovak Republic |
SK | 2016 | http://www.informatizacia.sk/narodna-koncepcia-informatizacie-verejnej-spravy–2016-/22662c |
| Council of Europe, (2016), Study on the Human Rights Dimensions of Automated Data Processing Techniques (in particular Algorithms,) and Possible Regulatory Implications |
CoE | 2016 | http://rm.coe.int/study-on-algorithmes-final-version/1680770cbc |
| Belgium, Digital Belgium, (2015), 5 Priorities |
BE | 2015 | http://digitalbelgium.be/en/5-priorities/digital-infrastructure/ |
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